Setting Up Network RAID1 With DRBD On Ubuntu 11.10

Falko Timme 2022-07-03 13:19:23 Channel: Linux

Abstract: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/mapper/server1-root doesn't contain a valid partition table Disk /dev/mapper/server1-swap_10x00000000 Disk /dev/sdb doesn't conta

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Setting Up Network RAID1 With DRBD On Ubuntu 11.10

Version 1.0
Author: Falko Timme
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This tutorial shows how to set up network RAID1 with the help of DRBD on two Ubuntu 11.10 systems. DRBD stands for Distributed Replicated Block Device and allows you to mirror block devices over a network. This is useful for high-availability setups (like a HA NFS server) because if one node fails, all data is still available from the other node.

I do not issue any guarantee that this will work for you!

1 Preliminary Note

I will use two servers here (both running Ubuntu 11.10):

server1.example.com (IP address 192.168.0.100)
server2.example.com (IP address: 192.168.0.101)

Both nodes have an unpartitioned second drive (/dev/sdb) with identical size (30GB in this example) that I want to mirror over the network (network RAID1) with the help of DRBD.

It is important that both nodes can resolve each other, either through DNS or through /etc/hosts. If you did not create DNS records for server1.example.com and server2.example.com, you can modify /etc/hosts on both nodes as follows:

server1/server2:

vi /etc/hosts

127.0.0.1       localhost.localdomain   localhost
192.168.0.100   server1.example.com     server1
192.168.0.101   server2.example.com     server2

# The following lines are desirable for IPv6 capable hosts
::1     ip6-localhost ip6-loopback
fe00::0 ip6-localnet
ff00::0 ip6-mcastprefix
ff02::1 ip6-allnodes
ff02::2 ip6-allrouters

I'm running all the steps in this tutorial with root privileges, so make sure you're logged in as root:

sudo su

2 Synchronize Time

server1/server2:

It is very important that both nodes have the same time. Therefore we install the ntp packages:

apt-get install ntp ntpdate

3 Partition /dev/sdb

server1/server2:

Right now, our partitioning looks as follows:

fdisk -l

[email protected]:~# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3916 cylinders, total 62914560 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000712c1

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *        2048      499711      248832   83  Linux
/dev/sda2          501758    62912511    31205377    5  Extended
/dev/sda5          501760    62912511    31205376   8e  Linux LVM

Disk /dev/sdb: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3916 cylinders, total 62914560 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/sdb doesn't contain a valid partition table

Disk /dev/mapper/server1-root: 31.4 GB, 31415336960 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3819 cylinders, total 61358080 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/mapper/server1-root doesn't contain a valid partition table

Disk /dev/mapper/server1-swap_1: 536 MB, 536870912 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65 cylinders, total 1048576 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/mapper/server1-swap_1 doesn't contain a valid partition table
[email protected]:~#

As you see, /dev/sdb is not partitioned. We change that now and create one big partition on it, /dev/sdb1:

fdisk /dev/sdb

[email protected]:~# fdisk /dev/sdb
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xf7ab5969.
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.

Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)

Command (m for help): <-- n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
<-- p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): <-- 1
First sector (2048-62914559, default 2048): <-- ENTER
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-62914559, default 62914559): <-- ENTER
Using default value 62914559

Command (m for help): <-- t
Selected partition 1
Hex code (type L to list codes): <-- 83

Command (m for help): <-- w
The partition table has been altered!

Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[email protected]:~#

Now run

fdisk -l

again, and you should find /dev/sdb1 in the output:

[email protected]:~# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/sda: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3916 cylinders, total 62914560 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000712c1

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sda1   *        2048      499711      248832   83  Linux
/dev/sda2          501758    62912511    31205377    5  Extended
/dev/sda5          501760    62912511    31205376   8e  Linux LVM

Disk /dev/sdb: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes
64 heads, 51 sectors/track, 19275 cylinders, total 62914560 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xf7ab5969

   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/sdb1            2048    62914559    31456256   83  Linux

Disk /dev/mapper/server1-root: 31.4 GB, 31415336960 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 3819 cylinders, total 61358080 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/mapper/server1-root doesn't contain a valid partition table

Disk /dev/mapper/server1-swap_1: 536 MB, 536870912 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 65 cylinders, total 1048576 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/mapper/server1-swap_1 doesn't contain a valid partition table
[email protected]:~#