How to Setup Private Docker Registry in Kubernetes (k8s)
Abstract: [[email protected] docker-repo]$ Execute below kubectl commands to verify status of registry deployment and its pod. [[email protected] ~]$ kubectl ge
It is always recommended to have private docker registry or repository in your Kubernetes cluster. Docker private registry allows the developers to push and pull their private container images. Once the application’s containers are pushed to private registry then developers can use the path of their private registry while creating and deploying their yaml files.
In this article, we will learn how we can deploy private docker registry as a deployment on top of Kubernetes cluster. I am assuming Kubernetes cluster is already up and running.
Kubernetes lab details for setting up private docker registry
- k8s-master – 192.168.1.40 – CentOS 7
- k8s-worker-1 – 192.168.1.41 – CentOS 7
- k8s-worker-2 – 192.168.1.42 – CentOS 7
- kadmin user with sudo rights
- NFS share ‘/opt/certs’ & ‘/opt/registry’
Note: In my case, I have setup nfs server on master node and exported /opt/certs and /opt/registry as nfs share.
Before starting the deployment of private registry, please make sure these nfs shares are mounted on each worker nodes. Run the following commands on each worker node.
$ sudo mkdir /opt/certs /opt/registry $ sudo mount 192.168.1.40:/opt/certs /opt/certs $ sudo mount 192.168.1.40:/opt/registry /opt/registry
For permanent mount, add nfs entries in /etc/fstab file.
In place of mounting these nfs shares, we can also create nfs based persistent volumes and later we can use these persistent volumes in yaml file.
Let’s dive into installation and configuration steps of private docker registry in Kubernetes.
Step 1) Generate self-signed certificates for private registryLogin to your control plane or master node and use openssl command to generate self-signed certificates for private docker repository.
$ cd /opt $ sudo openssl req -newkey rsa:4096 -nodes -sha256 -keyout \ ./certs/registry.key -x509 -days 365 -out ./certs/registry.crt
Once the key and certificate file are generated, use ls command to verify them,
[[email protected] opt]$ ls -l certs/ total 8 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2114 Sep 26 03:26 registry.crt -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 3272 Sep 26 03:26 registry.key [[email protected] opt]$Step 2) Deploy private registry as deployment via yaml file
On your master node, create a private-registry.yaml file with the following contents
[[email protected] ~]$ mkdir docker-repo [[email protected] ~]$ cd docker-repo/ [[email protected] docker-repo]$ vi private-registry.yaml apiVersion: apps/v1 kind: Deployment metadata: name: private-repository-k8s labels: app: private-repository-k8s spec: replicas: 1 selector: matchLabels: app: private-repository-k8s template: metadata: labels: app: private-repository-k8s spec: volumes: - name: certs-vol hostPath: path: /opt/certs type: Directory - name: registry-vol hostPath: path: /opt/registry type: Directory containers: - image: registry:2 name: private-repository-k8s imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent env: - name: REGISTRY_HTTP_TLS_CERTIFICATE value: "/certs/registry.crt" - name: REGISTRY_HTTP_TLS_KEY value: "/certs/registry.key" ports: - containerPort: 5000 volumeMounts: - name: certs-vol mountPath: /certs - name: registry-vol mountPath: /var/lib/registry
save and close the yaml file
Run the following kubectl command deploy the private registry using above created yaml file,
[[email protected] docker-repo]$ kubectl create -f private-registry.yaml deployment.apps/private-repository-k8s created [[email protected] docker-repo]$
Execute below kubectl commands to verify status of registry deployment and its pod.
[[email protected] ~]$ kubectl get deployments private-repository-k8s NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE private-repository-k8s 1/1 1 1 3m32s [[email protected] ~]$ [[email protected] ~]$ kubectl get pods | grep -i private-repo private-repository-k8s-85cf76b9d7-qsjxq 1/1 Running 0 5m14s [[email protected] ~]$
Perfect, above output confirms that registry has been deployed successfully, Now copy the registry certificate file to worker nodes and master node under the folder 「/etc/pki/ca-trust/source/anchors「. Execute the following commands on master node and each worker nodes
$ sudo cp /opt/certs/registry.crt /etc/pki/ca-trust/source/anchors/ $ sudo update-ca-trust $ sudo systemctl restart dockerStep 3) Expose registry deployment as a nodeport service type
To expose registry deployment as a nodeport service type, create the following yaml file with the beneath contents,
[[email protected] ~]$ cd docker-repo/ [[email protected] docker-repo]$ vi private-registry-svc.yaml apiVersion: v1 kind: Service metadata: labels: app: private-repository-k8s name: private-repository-k8s spec: ports: - port: 5000 nodePort: 31320 protocol: TCP targetPort: 5000 selector: app: private-repository-k8s type: NodePort
save and close the file.
Now deploy the service by running following kubectl command,
$ kubectl create -f private-registry-svc.yaml service/private-repository-k8s created $
Run below kubectl command to verify the service status,
[[email protected] ~]$ kubectl get svc private-repository-k8s
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
private-repository-k8s NodePort 10.100.113.39 <none> 5000:31320/TCP 2m1s
[[email protected] ~]$ Step 4) Test and Use private docker registry in k8s
To test private registry, we will download nginx image locally and then will upload that image to private registry, from the master node run the following set of commands,
$ sudo docker pull nginx $ sudo docker tag nginx:latest k8s-master:31320/nginx:1.17 $ sudo docker push k8s-master:31320/nginx:1.17
Output of above command would like below:
Run below docker command to verify whether nginx is uploaded to private repository or not.
[[email protected] ~]$ sudo docker image ls | grep -i nginx
nginx latest 7e4d58f0e5f3 2 weeks ago 133MB
k8s-master:31320/nginx 1.17 7e4d58f0e5f3 2 weeks ago 133MB
[[email protected] ~]$
Now, let’s deploy a nginx based deployment and in the yaml file specify the image’s path as our private docker registry. Example is shown below:
[[email protected] ~]$ vi nginx-test-deployment.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: nginx-test-deployment
labels:
app: nginx
spec:
replicas: 3
selector:
matchLabels:
app: nginx
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: nginx
spec:
containers:
- name: nginx-1-17
image: k8s-master:31320/nginx:1.17
ports:
- containerPort: 80
Save and Close the file
Run following kubectl commands,
[[email protected] ~]$ kubectl create -f nginx-test-deployment.yaml deployment.apps/nginx-test-deployment created [[email protected] ~]$ kubectl get deployments nginx-test-deployment NAME READY UP-TO-DATE AVAILABLE AGE nginx-test-deployment 3/3 3 3 13s [[email protected] ~]$ [[email protected] ~]$ kubectl get pods | grep nginx-test-deployment nginx-test-deployment-f488694b5-2rvmv 1/1 Running 0 80s nginx-test-deployment-f488694b5-8kb6c 1/1 Running 0 80s nginx-test-deployment-f488694b5-dgcxl 1/1 Running 0 80s [[email protected] ~]$
Try to describe any pod using ‘kubectl describe‘ command and verify image path
$ kubectl describe pod nginx-test-deployment-f488694b5-2rvmv
Output of above command would be,
Above output confirms that container’s image path is our private docker registry, so it means nginx image has been downloaded from private registry. That’s all from this article, I hope these steps help you to setup private docker registry on your Kubernetes cluster. Please do share your feedback and comments in the comments section below.
Also Read : How to Setup Kubernetes Cluster on Google Cloud Platform (GCP)
Also Read : How to Setup NGINX Ingress Controller in Kubernetes
