How to Install Rocky Linux 9.0 Step by Step
Abstract: choose your preferred language and click ‘Continue’. Rocky Linux Language The next step provides a summary of crucial parameters that need to be confi
Rocky Linux 9.0 was made generally available on July 14, 2022. It comes with a boatload of new features and improvements and will enjoy support and maintenance until May 31, 2032. The previous release, Rocky Linux 8, will still continue to receive support until May 31, 2029.
In this guide, we will walk you through the installation of Rocky Linux 9.0.
Rocky Linux 9 FeaturesLet’s have a quick overview of some of the notable key highlights of Rocky Linux 9.
Desktop EnhancementsIn Rocky Linux 9.0, GNOME 40 is the default desktop environment. It’s the latest GNOME release which comes with a redesigned and polished UI that enhances user experience.
Fractional scaling has also been incorporated to support bigger displays with higher resolutions. You can also mute applications by selecting the ‘Do not Disturb’ option which appears as a separate button in the notifications area.
Each screen now has the ability to use a different refresh rate from the others.
Language Runtimes and ToolsRocky Linux 9 ships with the latest language runtimes, compilers including GCC 11.2.1, Go (1.17.1), Rust (1.58.1), and LLVM LLVM (13.0.1). It also ships with the latest software packages such as Python 3.9, Node.JS 15, Ruby 3.0.3, PHP 8.0, and Perl 5.32.
File System ImprovementsThe XFS file system now supports Direct Access (DAX) operations. This permits direct access to byte-addressable persistent memory and helps to avoid the latency of using traditional block I/O conventions. In addition, NFS introduces the 「eager write」 mount option to help reduce latency.
SecurityWith Rocky Linux 9, remote root login via SSH password authentication is disabled by default. This is aimed at preventing hackers from breaching the system via brute force attacks. However, this can be configured to allow remote root access during installation or much later.
There are also new improvements to OpenSSL 3.0.
System MonitoringThe Cockpit web console now features an improved metrics performance page that helps to diagnose the cause of high memory, CPU, and network bandwidth spikes.
With that out of the way, let us now install Rocky Linux 9.
Rocky Linux 9 PrerequisitesBefore you set sail, ensure that you have the following.
- An ISO image of Rocky Linux 9.0. You can download the ISO file from the Official Rocky Linux download page. The ISO image is about 7.9GB in size, and therefore. ensure that you have a fast and reliable internet connection and sufficient disk space on your system.
- Minimum Hard disk space of 15 GB and 2GB RAM.
- A 16 GB USB drive for use as an installation medium. With the ISO image at hand, you can make the USB drive bootable using the UNetbootin tool or dd command.
Now grab your bootable USB drive and plug it into your system and reboot. Be sure to set your installation medium as the first boot priority in the BIOS.
Once you have booted your PC the screen below will come to view, providing you with three options. Since our mission is to install Rocky Linux 9, select the first option ‘Install Rocky Linux 9.0’, and hit ‘ENTER’.
Rocky Linux 9 Boot MenuShortly afterward, you will see a flurry of boot messages on your screen as the Anaconda installer gets ready to be initialized.
Booting Rocky Linux 9Next, this screen will be displayed indicating that the Anaconda installer is about to be started.
Rocky Linux Anaconda InstallerOnce the installer is started, the Rocky Linux 9.0 Welcome page will be displayed, and the first course of action is to select the installation language. So, choose your preferred language and click ‘Continue’.
Rocky Linux LanguageThe next step provides a summary of crucial parameters that need to be configured. These are grouped into four main sections.
- Localization
- Software
- System
- User Settings
Let us configure each of these parameters.
Configure the KeyboardTo configure the keyboard, click the ‘Keyboard’ option.
Rocky Linux KeyboardThe default keyboard configuration is set to English (US). If you need to set it to a different language, click the plus sign (+)
at the bottom and select your preferred layout.
Further, you can type a few words in the textbox at the right to confirm the selected layout. Once you are satisfied, click ‘Done’ to save the changes. In our example, we will go with the default selection.
Rocky Linux Keyboard Layout Configure Language SupportTo choose the OS language, click on ‘Language Support’.
Rocky Linux Language SupportSelect the language that you prefer to use to administer Rocky Linux and click on ‘Done’.
Choose Rocky Linux Language Configure Time and DateThe next step is to set up time and date settings by clicking the ‘Time and Date’ option.
Rocky Linux TimezoneBy default, the installer auto-detects your region and corresponding timezone if your PC is connected to the internet. As such, no intervention is required.
However, if you are offline, select your region on the world map provided and click ‘Done’.
Rocky Linux Region Configure SoftwareThe next parameter to configure is ‘SOFTWARE’ which comprises ‘Installation Source’ and ‘Software Selection’.
For the first option, nothing much is required and the default settings are just okay. But you can take a look for curiosity’s sake.
Rocky Linux Install SourceAccept the default settings and Click ‘Done’ to head back to the installation summary.
Choose Rocky Linux InstallationNext, click the ‘Software Selection’ option.
Rocky Linux SoftwareThis section provides a selection of six Base Environments to choose from. These dictate the functionality, build, and appearance of your system. On the right section is a list of additional software utilities and tools that you can select to install.
Therefore, select your preferred base environment and additional software and click ‘Done’.
Choose Rocky Linux Software Installation Destination – Configure PartitioningThis is the most crucial part of the installation of any Linux OS, and Rocky Linux is no exception. You need to partition your hard drive before the installation can start. By default, the ‘Automatic partitioning’ is selected. Still, some additional steps are required, and therefore, click on ‘Installation Destination‘.
Rocky Linux Install DestinationYour hard disk drive will be listed in the ‘Local Standard Disks’ section. In this guide, we have a 40GB hard drive. Be sure to click on the hard drive icon so that it bears a black check mark.
As mentioned previously, the default partitioning scheme is set to Automatic. This is ideal for beginners in Linux or novices who are not conversant with manually partitioning the hard drive. This option automatically and intelligently partitions the hard drive and thus, takes away the hard work of partitioning the drive.
In this guide, we will explore manual partitioning. Therefore, click the ‘Custom’ option and click ‘Done’.
Rocky Linux PartitioningThis ushers you to the ‘Manual partitioning’ window as shown. So, here is a summary of how we intend to partition the hard drive.
/boot - 1GB /root - 30GB swap - 8GB
To continue with manual partitioning, click on the plus sign (+)
as indicated.
Define the /boot partition and specify its size. Then click ‘Add Mount Point’.
Create Boot PartitionThe newly created /boot partition will be listed on the partition table as shown.
Rocky Linux Boot PartitionRepeat the same steps to create the / (root) partition.
Create Root PartitionAnd the swap space as well.
Create Swap PartitionThis is how our partition table looks with all the partitions. If you are satisfied, click ‘Done’ to save the changes.
Rocky Linux Partition TableA summary of the changes to be effected on your hard drive will be displayed on the pop-up dialogue box that appears.
Click ‘Accept Changes’ to confirm and exit.
Rocky Linux Disk Changes Configure Network and HostnameAnother equally important parameter to configure is the ‘Network and Host Name’. Therefore click the ‘Network and Host Name’ option.
Rocky Linux NetworkThe active Network adapter will be displayed. So toggle it on so that your system acquires an IP address dynamically from your router or DHCP server. When successfully connected, the IP configuration will appear just below the interface.
You might also want to set a hostname for your system at this stage, so, provide your preferred hostname in the ‘Hostname’ textbox and click ‘Apply’.
Next, click ‘Done’ to return to the ‘Installation Summary’ Window.
Rocky Linux Hostname Configure User SettingsIn the ‘USER SETTINGS’ section, you will configure root and regular user accounts. So, first, click ‘Root Password’.
Rocky Linux Root PasswordSpecify the Root password and confirm it. Rocky Linux 9 disallows remote root login via the SSH protocol. If you wish to allow SSH login as root via SSH, check the ‘Allow root login with password’.
Then click ‘Done’ to save the changes.
Set Root PasswordNext, click ‘User Creation’ to create a regular user account.
Rocky Linux UserProvide the user’s full name, username, and password. As always, click ‘Done’ to save the changes.
Create User Account Begin the Installation of Rocky Linux 9At this juncture, all the required parameters have been properly configured. You can always go back and edit the changes made in case you change your mind.
If you are satisfied with your selections, click ‘Begin Installation’ to get underway with the installation.
Rocky Linux InstallationThe installer displays a progress bar indicating the actions being performed. The installation takes roughly 30 minutes, and this would be an ideal moment to take a breather and grab some coffee.
Rocky Linux Installation ProgressOnce the installation is complete click ‘Reboot System’ so as to login into your fresh Rocky Linux 9 installation.
Rocky Linux Installation CompletesOn the GRUB menu that appears, select the first option to boot into Rocky Linux.
Rocky Linux Grub MenuThereafter, click on the username tab and provide the user’s password, and hit ‘ENTER’ to log in.
Rocky Linux LoginThis displays the Rocky Linux 9 GNOME desktop, and a walkthrough Tour GUI will be displayed to take you through the basics of using your system. You can take the tour or decline. This is entirely up to you.
Once you have completed the Tour or declined it, the GNOME environment will be displayed in full view.
Rocky Linux Gnome DesktopAnd that’s it! We have successfully installed Rocky Linux 9 step by step. Have fun as you get started with your new installation. Your feedback on this guide is welcome.